Lesson: Analysis of Introductions

The introductory paragraph below is example of an excellent, well-developed analysis.

Strength in Adversity

In John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men some characters rise above the despair of the Great Depression and create an inner reality filled with hope. Impoverished laborers in the novella during the 1930’s California are caught in a seemingly never-ending cycle, finding work wherever possible, losing their jobs, and moving on to the next farm. In the face of this cycle of woe, the main characters, George, short “with restless eyes and sharp, strong features”, and Lennie, “a huge man” with biologically limited intelligence, together share a hope for a better life. The companions sustain motivated, purposeful lives by dreaming of their own farm, with rabbits, crops, chickens, and a warm stove, which they could call their own. When the traveling partners find work at a ranch in the Salinas Valley, they encounter old and crippled Candy, the discriminated African-American Crooks, and Curley’s lonely wife. All have different outlooks on managing the trials and tribulations of the Depression. While some characters abandon their hopes for a better future, others embrace their dreams, and as a result, cope better with their hardships.

Author: rising 9th grader, private school


These attributes are from the analysis the above writing sample.

• Creative title restating theme in three words or less
• Link author and title near beginning and keep together
• Embed the novel and/or historical event’s setting
• Include literary terms that enhance meaning
• Theme/argument can be restated but subtly
• Add characterization descriptions if it helps your point
• Embed quotes, but vary how and how much
• Use alliteration and assonance to create a subtle rhythm
• Use the pattern sparingly
• Few, if any pronouns

Attached word document shows the paragraph example.

Lesson Plans:

Day 1: Assignment--Analyze an article that show two sides of an issue. Write a response showing both sides, but ultimately showing which side you favor. Students work on draft individually. Mini-lesson: graphic organizers to get your thoughts organized.

Day 2: Think/Pair/Share--Share your draft with two peers. Find boring words, check logic of argument, presentation of both sides, and finally, author’s point of view. Mini-lesson: what makes a great peer edit.

Day 3/4: Analyze and compare introductions of two papers. End result: chart of best practices for introductions

Day 5: Revisit original assignment, rewrite, and publish.